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South Korean Constitutional Assembly election, 1948
Constitutional Assembly elections were held in South Korea on 10 May 1948, the country's first election after the Japanese colonization (1910-1945). It was held under the American military occupation, with supervision from the United Nations. It resulted in a victory for the National Alliance for the Rapid Realisation of Korean Independence, which won 55 of the 200 seats, although 85 were held by independents. Voter turnout was 95.5%.〔Nohlen, D, Grotz, F & Hartmann, C (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p428 ISBN 0-19-924959-8〕
==Background==
This election is a significant milestone in Korean political history. Prior to this election the Korean people had not known written constitutional rule; the very foundation of South Korean politics were still under construction and were unstable.〔Kim, Ilpyong. Young, Whan Kihl. Political Change in South Korea. The Korean PWPA, Inc. Paragon House, New York. 1988. Page 24.〕 The Korean peninsula had not yet established a fully functioning democratic republic, this was the first step in that direction. This election would lead to a constitution,roughly based off the constitution of the United States of America; and bring with it the modern democratic state like that of the countries of the U.N.〔Kim, Ilpyong, Young, Whan Kihl. Political Change in South Korea. The Korean PWPA,Inc. New York. 1988. Page 24〕
This election did not come without controversy. In 1948, the subject of an election of any kind in South Korea was an issue world wide. On March 8th and 9th 1948, U.N. delegates from Australia, Canada, India, and Syria expressed their doubts and some complete rejection to the election on May 10 1948 for South Korea.〔Oliver, Robert T. Syngman Rhee and American Involvement in Korea 1942_1960. Panmun Book Company LTD, Seoul South Korea. 1978. Page 149〕 The U.N. delegates were concerned of Korea's political maturity at the time, feeling that the election might not validly express the popular will after only being an independent country for four years. 〔Allen, Richard C. Korea's Syngman Rhee, An unauthirzed portrait. Charles E. Tuttle Company Rutland Vermont. 1960. Page 94〕 There were even Korean politicians, such as Kim Koo and Kim Kyu-sik, who denounced the election as it would dash the hopes of reunification with North Korea.〔Oliver, Robert T. Syngman Rhee and America Involvement in Korea, 1942-1960〕 However with the voting out come from The South Korean Interim Legislature a 40 to 0 in favor of the election on March 10th, there was little reason to postpone or do away with the election at that time.〔Oliver, Robert T. Syngman Rhee and American Involvement in Korea, 1942-1960. Panmun Book Company LTD, Seoul South Korea, 1978. page 149〕
Controversy within the peninsula itself against the election were just as negative. The election was originally intended to be held throughout the Korean peninsula, but Soviet Union forces and Kim Il-sung refused the UN superviors entry into North Korea for the election. It was therefore held only in the US-administered territory, making this election a purely South Korean election. Because of the segregation for this election, Kim Koo and Kim Kyu-sik, denounced the election as it would dash the hopes of reunification with North Korea.〔Oliver, Robert T. Syngman Rhee and America Involvement in Korea, 1942-1960〕 However the elections did go forward regardless of the doubts placed upon it. The voters elected members of parliament, who then voted on the constitution and elected the president. at the proceedings, they left one hundred seats open in the South Korean Parliament for North Koreans to vote on when they were able.〔(''The Korean War, 1950-1953'' ), Carter Malkasian, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 2001, ISBN 1-57958-364-4, p.13〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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